ComparisonContrast Montresor and Fortunato Essay

ComparisonContrast Montresor and Fortunato - Essay Example The fixation may determine on the grounds that the men are rises to in foundation, therefore making Fortunato's put-down significantly more angering to Fortunato. Also, it appears from their rich language to one another, they have a similar degree of training and groups of friends. Also, the two men appear to have a large number of similar interests. While the plot exploits the adoration for fine wines, apparently they may share different things for all intents and purpose. The two men are at festival which demonstrates an affection for parties. Both love wine and highly esteem their insight. Poe says, in the matter of old wines he,' which means Fortunato.' Was earnest. In this regard I,' which means Montresor,' didn't vary from him physically (748). The two men appear to have a crazy perspective on self import. Both it appears, might be artisans. In the story, Fortunato is surely an artisan, however it is indistinct whether Montresor is a bricklayer on the grounds that while he had the trowel, he didn't have the foggiest idea about the hand signal. In any case, the two of them had an enthusiasm for this mystery society and felt that it was indication of esteem. Furthermore, it very well may be surmised that the two men had a dim comical inclination. Maybe both have had a lot of pulling off dull tricks and being the object of dim funniness. This reason is apparent by the way that even until the last second, as the liquor wore off, Fortunato imagined that Montresor might be kidding. At long last, the two men are self-important. Fortunato really accepts that he is the unrivaled master in fine wines and it is this egotism that seals his destiny. All through the excursion into the container, as Fortunato's hack compounds, Montresor insults him by offering to take him home realizing beyond any doubt that Fortunato can't in any way, shape or form oppose the chance to taste. Undoubtedly, Montresor relies upon Fortunato's egotism so as to slaughter him. Montresor, in like manner, is self-important in his view of the insults endured by him and served by Fortunato. Indeed, even after fifty years, Montresor sits thinking back about the homicide he subm itted and still legitimizes it. The fundamental contrast between the two men was that Montresor was dubious and ever alert, yet Fortunato was absurd and handily drove. Fortunato, as his name infers is supported by fortune. He is respected and venerated in the public eye and appreciates prevalence. Fortunato has riches and is by all accounts all around regarded by his family. It is maybe his ubiquity which permits him to be deluded by Montresor. Nearly from the earliest starting point of his story, Montresor exploits Fortunato's presumptuousness and pride. The principal control is As you are locked in, I am en route to Luchresi. On the off chance that any one has a basic turn it is he. He will let me know (748). Montresor maliciously offers this expression since he realizes that Fortunato will need to go with him to taste the Amontillado. It works perfectly in light of the fact that Fortunato demands that Luchresi can't tell Amontillado from Sherry (748). In opposition to Fortunato, Montresor doesn't seem, by all accounts, to be cherished, regarded, or one who appreciates a spot in the public arena. Montresor it appears at one point in time appeared to be an equivalent of Fortunato yet that time has blurred. Montresor has a huge family it appears and similarly the same number of companions yet it appears is if that regard dwindled with the entirety of the wounds he endured. The thousand wounds of Fortunato I had borne as well as can be expected, yet when he wandered affront I pledged vengeance (747). It might be that the wounds conveyed

Brave New World Essay

BNW Rough Draft Morally, the novel: Brave New World by Aldous Huxley isn't worthy to me. The plot, interesting activities, and even the general measures in the book don't speak to me as a peruser. One model that shows my aversion for the book, Brave New World, is on (pg 19-20): â€Å"’Bokanovsky’s Process,’ †¦ One egg, one incipient organism, one grown-up †ordinariness. †¦ A Bokanovskified egg will bud, will multiply, will partition. † This occurrence from part one, by and by as a peruser, makes me disdain the book. I for one don’t like finding out about logical realities; as well as uncanny extraterrestrial-like customs.I think it is simply, doubtlessly, odd. A second explanation that shows my abhorrence for Brave New World is on (pg 88): â€Å"Swallowing †¦ that second portion of soma had raised a very invulnerable divider between the real universe and their brains. † This case from Chapter 5 [part 1] is an immense motiv ation behind why I don't care for this specific novel. Soma is a reference to an ideal medication. As far as anyone knows, there is nothing amiss with it by any means, and it makes you totally glad; deserting no negative impacts at all. I think this is an ill-conceived notion to place into a book due to today’s society of teenagers.Due to the effectively extremely colossal number of children who use drugs, they may become impacted and contend that the characters in BNW can take Soma and not be influenced. So then this leaves them to excusing that perhaps everything will be totally good in the wake of devouring a specific medication in reality. My last occasion that shows my dissatisfaction for BNW is the manner by which the word ‘Pneumatic’ is utilized particularly by Henry Foster and Benito Hoover to depict what it’s like to have intercourse with Lenina. She herself comments that her sweethearts ordinarily discover her â€Å"pneumatic,† tapping her legs as she does so.In reference to Lenina it implies balanced, expand like, or fun, regarding her tissue, and specifically her chest. What's more, the utilization of this odd word to portray the physical qualities of both a lady and a household item underscores the novel’s topic that human sexuality has been corrupted to the degree of a product. Actually, I hate the very idea that the novel fundamentally rotates around medications and sex, and being a Junior in High School as of now, I don’t truly value perusing such material.Weird material as such frequently revolts the consideration of the adolescent. In finding, the general substance, plot, characters, and medication references make me, as a peruser, doomed. I for one don’t like the general message/topic in which it presents either which is that human sexuality has been debased to the degree of a product. I just don’t think this is reasonable perusing material for individuals like me who are in High School. Not to mention, I’m just not that inspired by a book with points like so. State-of-the-art existence Essay State-of-the-art existence Essay In Aldous Huxley’s epic, Brave New World, the residents of the World State are reared into explicit rank frameworks. These comprise of Alphas, Betas, Gammas, Deltas, and Epsilons. The distinctive standing frameworks vary from one another from various perspectives, and have different purposes. There are numerous contrasts between the various gatherings in the position framework. Alphas are the most keen of all. They wear the shading dim, and are the tallest and most attractive. While creating inside the fake belly, they were given the most oxygen.They typically function as superintendents, clinicians (Bernard), Director of incubation centers, and every single World Controller are Alphas. Betas are somewhat less insightful then Alphas, yet at the same time higher in the station framework. They wear mulberry hued garments and there employments comprise of mechanics and medical caretakers. Alphas and Betas generally partner with one another. Gammas , Deltas, and Epsilons are in the lower half of the cast framework. Gammas wear the shading green. They are normally head servants and different employments that don't comprise of much thinking.Deltas sport khaki, and for the most part are helicopter orderlies. The are mass created and have no singularity. â€Å"Bokanovsky’s Process is one of the significant instruments of social soundness! † (Huxley, 7). This being said implies the World State doesn't think independence is significant. Epsilons are very nearly being dolts. They sport dark, and got minimal measure of oxygen in the belly. They are extremely inept and for the most part press lift catches. The reason for this cast framework is that individuals will be content with their jobs.An model is that an Alpha would have a vocation in the clinical field, and an Epsilon would have work squeezing catches. â€Å"Every one works for each one else. We can't manage with no one. Indeed, even Epsilons are helpful. We were unable to manage without Epsilons. â€Å"(Huxley, 60). You need each standing framework to keep up ‘the immaculate World State’. I for one don't imagine that they mirror a part of our general public today. I think it is only a result of the general public of the World State. At long last, everybody needs everybody. The Alphas and Betas couldn't get by with out the Gammas, Deltas, and Epsilons, and the other way around.

Tony Kornheiser is the self

Tony Kornheiser is oneself conceded stubborn, Essay wry games and style feature writer for The Washington Post. Kornheisers intention isn't to answer to the peruser a target record of a game, but instead to add diversion to subjects that extend in point from the Washington Redskins (Its Now an Off-Road Vehicle, November 5, 1996) to his noon experience a day or two ago (In a Real Fix, November 3, 1996). Kornheisers phrasing, metaphorical language, and tone make his sections what they are. Frequently, word usage, allegorical language, and tone are not regular in the journalistic world, yet Kornheisers humor discovers space for them. Tony Kornheisers mockery is as a rule identified with his lingual authority. He contains the aptitudes to accept something as irrelevant as a café changing on him suddenly and reports about it so the basic man can relate. He is The Washington Posts Jerry Seinfeld. He mixes the slang of the road man with the lovely action words and liquid descriptors of an English educator. For instance, In A Real Fixe, Kornheiser says, George was starting to speculate that we had entered (doo-doo, doo-doo). . . The Nouvelle Dining Zone. The vast majority who have viewed the Twilight Zone before can relate this announcement as a kind of perspective to the well known TV appear, so Kornheisers slang was successful in snatching the peruser, regardless of whether a vast larger part of them have no clue about what the word nouvelle implies. Kornheiser utilizes a variety of such descriptive words all through his pieces however he doesn't claim to be over his perusers. He fills his work with casual discours e, for example, his references in Its Now an Off-Road Vehicle to other Washington Post writers, for example, Michael Wilbon, and to his Redskins Bandwagon. (The Redskins Bandwagon was a typical expression utilized by Washington Redskins fans when the group won the Superbowl in 1991). Kornheiser expect that the peruser knows about him, and that is clear in his casual word usage that is utilized with the peruser. It is nearly to the point of a fellowship, just as a collaborator was releasing his pressure at work during a mid-day break. Kornheisers metaphorical discourse likewise add to his style very well. The mix of word usage and metaphorical discourse is clear as Kornheiser utilizes a few nearby inferences in his analogies and likenesses that add to his basic man picture. For instance, In a Real Fixe, Kornheiser analyzes the vibe of a master face to one of a medical caretaker at St. Elizabeths, a neighborhood mental emergency clinic. In that equivalent article he additionally analy zes his entire experience to going down into the Metro and discovering youre on the Concorde. His allegorical language add to his mockery. Whenever an analogy or a comparison is utilized, it is utilized for distortion reason. Mockery is entertaining distortion. Kornheiser contrasted his costly lunch feast with Big Red biting gum folded over a pimento. That is interesting in light of the fact that he is contrasting such a valuable dinner with a bit of gum and a pimento, a $25 supper to a 25 penny feast. In Its Now an Off-Road Vehicle, the entire section is one mammoth allegory. His Redskins Bandwagon (which is as far as anyone knows a vehicle that fires up and prepares to let fans jump on right to the Superbowl with the Redskins, yet on the off chance that you are a Kornheiser peruser, he anticipates that you should realize that as of now) has transformed into a rough terrain vehicle in view of a Redskins squashing thrashing to a group. His allegorical language is straightforward, an d it is interesting. Continuously, however, it is utilized in a sarcastic way and it is constantly used to assist the peruser with relating to the circumstance, as a rule in their terms. We will compose a custom paper on Tony Kornheiser is oneself conceded obstinate, explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now The most significant component of Kornheisers composing is his tone. His tone is incredibly mocking, cheerful, witty, and now and again unfavorable to his companions. It is his tone which makes the expression and the metaphorical language work. On the off chance that his tone were one of reality, there would even now be the mockery however it would be far less reasonable. In a Real Fixe, the primary topic of his story is about how awkward he and his companions felt in the extravagant eatery that had once been an eat-and-go place. It is clear how awkward they felt by the statements that Kornheiser employments. At the point when his chief, George, is examined concerning imported water, he says that he enjoys faucet water. This plainly shows the unique circumstance that they are in. His mockery is indicated when he alludes to cold smorgasbords he had been to before where some folks arent in any event, wearing shirts, as a joke about the clothing regulation fundamental for this spot. At the point when he guarantees that his chief, George, was anxious in light of the fact that hed never been anyplace with new blossoms, other than a burial service, it is clearly mocking to communicate the point. It is that sort of tone that gets the perusers response the best. In Its Now an Off-Road Vehicle a similar tone is apparent. He communicates his contemplations on Jim Kellys age (Jim Kelly is a multi year old quarterback for the Buffalo Bills) by contrasting Kellys age with his own age regarding considering himself the Sultan of Samarkand. While referencing the Redskins terrible showing, he jokes that a group that can't handle, can't pass, and can't run can't win except if they are playing the St. Louis Rams (a famously awful establishment in proficient football). It is remarks like those that make Kornheisers sections amusing. His censorious verbally abusing is additionally comical on the grounds that it is uncommon that a reporter stoops down to such a level without regret. In a Real Fixe, he alludes to his chief (his chief!) as a famously modest man and gives an interesting case of how close his supervisor is. In Its Now An Off-Road Vehicle, Kornheiser lashes out of individual editorialist Michael Wilbon for an extensive length of the piece. This defamatory tone, be that as it may, is clever not genuine, which adds to the general wry clothing of the sections. .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c , .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c .postImageUrl , .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c , .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c:hover , .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c:visited , .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c:active { border:0!important; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c:active , .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c:hover { darkness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content beautification: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important ; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ub381772b952b83a282f87d9de10a205c:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: HIV POSITIVE PARENTS SHOULD NOT HAVE CHILDREN EssayIt is certain that Tony Kornheisers reason recorded as a hard copy isn't to illuminate the peruser regarding an occasion that occurred. The normal individual could mind less what Kornheiser had for lunch or his opinion of individual correspondents, however he expounds on it in any case. He doesnt expound on those themes just to expound on those subjects, he expounds on those points in light of the fact that the normal individual needs somebody to identify with and they need somebody to giggle with, and some of the time at, when Kornheiser self-manhandles himse lf. Individuals like Kornheiser on the grounds that he resembles a pal. He expounds on normal stuff, and he is happy to stoop down to low levels to dazzle. Be that as it may, Kornheiser isn't a normal author, he is rather a very much rehearsed, smart one, as appeared by his use of clear action words, tasteful descriptive words, and straightforward things. Whenever mentioned, Kornheiser could compose a plain rundown of a football match-up or a ball game, however rather, Kornheiser has his activity since he is gifted. He anticipates that individuals should peruse his section and it is appeared in the continuation of each article. He realizes he is acceptable and he isn't hesitant to show a specific arrogance, however it is his casual mockery that successes the perusers.

How to Start Your Academic Paper with an Incredible Hook

The primary article in the life of our fanciful companion Jake was devoted to natural issues and he began it with the accompanying expressions: These days, everyone should think about the safeguarding of nature. It is significant for us all or the planet will be in trouble† The educator commended him, yet when he registered to the college he comprehended: this is an extraordinary case of a poor beginning after which the peruser will get exhausted in the main second. Individuals don’t like when they get the conspicuous data just as they detest the coupling collocation â€Å"everybody should† they need something increasingly infectious and luring. Also, this isn't just a single method to make them rest. That’s why you need some consideration grabber which will hold them until the finish of the paper. Advertising as well as any article, survey or a scholarly paper turns out to be better in the event that it has a snare. Some of the time we begin to peruse a few writings to perceive what comes next even without the enthusiasm to the secured point. The other we close following 1 moment of perusing. The explanation is that in the main sort of articles the accomplished journalists ably set snares for us. You can do likewise by: 1. Expressing a Staggering Fact or Entertaining Statistics Numbers are work acceptable in any content just as little-realized realities do. Measurements additionally can make the article all the more persuading particularly when you fortify them by referencing the source. Here and later I will give guides to better understanding. Let’s return to the subject of my first article †nature. For this situation, the start could be trailed by such snares: â€Å"40% of all delivered filtered water is really packaged faucet water as indicated by the Ecology Global Network.† â€Å"The manufacturing plants that produce bathroom tissue chop down 27,000 trees each day† 2. Giving Some Quotation from the Book or the Famous Person Utterance An incredible reference toward the starting establishes the pace of the creation and causes the peruser to ponder the issue. Be that as it may, be cautious with cites. It is better not to pick exceptionally famous or abused expressions. They won't stimulate the individual intrigue or even reason the aggravation. Additionally, the articulation must be comparing to the fundamental thought of the article. On Earth, there is no paradise however there are bits of it Jules Renard â€Å"There are no travelers on Spaceship Earth. We are all crew.† Marshall McLuhan 3. Posing the Provocative Inquiry Questions are acceptable in light of the fact that the individuals got utilized reacting to them unwittingly and it includes them in perusing. Before posing the inquiry you ought certainly on the off chance that it is interesting enough not exclusively to your psyche however to each potential peruser. The arrangement of questions additionally will be productive particularly on the off chance that you need to advance your thought and cause the individual to concur with you at long last. It is demonstrated that after 3 yes the peruser will say it the fourth time with no troubles. Barely any models: â€Å"Isn’t it past the point where it is possible to spare the Earth?† â€Å"Have you at any point envisioned what could occur with your city if each resident tossed the garbage into the bins?† 4. Recounting to the Story or Sharing Own Experience A great many people are inclined to stories and read them energetically. Particularly it works when they see an exercise to be learned in the account. In this way, a little story communicated in the straightforward words can turn into your distinct advantage to catch all the reader’s eye. It’s additionally extraordinary to weaken a scholastic paper with the simple to-peruse supplements to let the peruser have some rest between the stacks of logical terms while you are composing the paper on the subject hard to comprehend. You can likewise open a discourse with the crowd by disclosing to some reality from your life. In spite of its an extraordinary method to make a genuinely captivating snare, it is better not to be utilized if the college restricts understudies to apply individual and possessive pronouns like I, you, mine in the papers. You despite everything can share your experience however by maintaining a strategic distance from those words simultaneously. On the off chance that you were mindful, you could see that the article contains a guide to this point at start. 5. Testing Yourself with an Improbable Statement Start off with the misguided judgment or with wrong supposition and the peruser is as of now on your snare. Individuals will have a stake in the continuation since they will just ask why you started the exposition with an error. Additionally, you can challenge yourself and give them the contrary perspective first. This sort of articulation has a spot of your fanciful adversary with whom you are going to contend and demonstrate the genuineness of your supposition. It might appear that such a move would just debilitate the exposition: the peruser won't accept the creator and concur with somebody elses conclusion. That’s why pick the rival you could deal with. Here the models are: â€Å"Some individuals concede that we shouldn’t consider the eventual fate of our planet. Who cares in the event that we live here and now?† â€Å"Genetically adjusted nourishments are terribly hurtful to our bodies. However, this reality has since a long time ago been invalidated by the scientists.† Discover more snares on the accompanying picture: It isn't important to utilize those snares in the paper: you can find the own method to bring the peruser into your web. There are various kinds of articles to compose so consider which one could be the most fitting. Regardless of whether your snare is slaughtering, don’t ruin the entire exposition by giving poor contentions or giving the shallow investigation of the information. Compose likewise a diagram for the examination paper and get arranged well for the extreme yet fascinating activity. Apply enough weight and you will make the better than average paper out of which you will be not embarrassed considerably sooner or later.

Reflective writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Intelligent composition - Essay Example It is in this way SOSE is turning into a basic piece of practically all instructive foundations to raise the new age inside a socially various society. The basic role of the Studies of Society and Environment learning territory is to assist youthful with peopling build up the capacity to settle on contemplated and educated choices for the open great as residents of a socially assorted, vote based society in an associated world. (discover.tased.edu.au/sose/whatintr.htm, Sep 8, 2004) Tasmania is a significant Australian state containing amalgamation of numerous ethnic gatherings and societies. It is assessed that Tasmania was joined to the principle land about 10,000 years back. (Wikipedia Encyclopedia) The appearance of European countries in the state, in seventeenth Century, presented cultural assimilation between the Europeans and the nearby Aborigines driving towards changes in customs, language, living style, religions and political and monetary conditions transforming Tasmania into a broadened locale. Additionally, leniency in movement approaches and agreeable wellsprings of going in present day times of globalization has brought remote regions and societies closer to each other. However, all the ethnic gatherings, including Aborigines and others, keep law while communicating with others, yet contrasts in social qualities existing in condition makes challenges. Remembering the socio-social circumstance, educationalists laid worry in giving youngsters such p icking up during their underlying school years that may help them in making modifications as indicated by their differentiated social and social set up. Numerous teachers have supported models, for example, SOSE in light of the fact that they don't accept that all the understudies are fit to, or intrigued by optional investigations. (The Australian, 2007:11) Thus, it was concluded that a very much arranged, complete and thorough training more likely than not been given

Tabula Rasa in Psychology

Tabula Rasa in Psychology Phobias Print Blank Slate or Tabula Rasa in Therapy By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on November 23, 2019 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on February 08, 2020 nullplus/Getty Images More in Phobias Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types In psychology, the term “blank slate,” or tabula rasa, actually has two meanings: The first refers to a belief that at birth, all humans are born with the ability to become literally anything or anyone. This belief downplays the effects of genetics and biology on the development of the human personality. Instead, we are seen as the product of our upbringing and experiences.The second definition of “blank slate” refers to a technique that was once used heavily in psychoanalysis and is still employed by some therapists today. When using this technique, the therapist is careful to avoid revealing any personal information about himself. Instead, the therapist becomes a “blank slate” onto which the client can project his or her own needs, desires, and beliefs. Behavioral Therapy and the Blank Slate Behaviorism believes you are born with your mind as a blank slate and you learn all your behavior from the environment you live in.?? Therefore, therapy focuses on unlearning  unproductive behaviors. Behaviorists posit any symptoms of a psychological disorder are the result of classical and operant conditioning: Classical conditioning is also known as learning by association and causes most phobias.Operant conditioning refers to learning by positive or negative reinforcement and, for example, causes eating disorders. Modes of behavior therapy commonly used to treat phobia include: Systematic desensitizationAversion therapyFloodingExposure therapy and virtual reality exposure therapyBehavioral rehearsalSkills training Treating Phobias With Systematic Desensitization Systematic desensitization is an effective treatment for specific phobia (a fear of a specific object or situation) and social phobia (social anxiety disorder). The theory is the phobia is a learned behavior you imposed on your blank slate.?? Therefore, you can unlearn your feelings of anxiety. The therapist helps you learn to relax in whats referred to as your target situation. After reaching a state of deep relaxation, you vividly imagine your target situation repeatedly. Eventually, you learn not to react, which allows you to feel more comfortable and confident the next time you face your fear. Treating Phobias With Aversion Therapy Aversion therapy is useful in cases where you have an attraction to your bad behavior and despite the pleasure, both you and your therapist acknowledge its an undesirable trait. You were born with a blank slate  but learned a destructive behavior. A good example of this is an alcoholic starting the recovery process. The therapist helps you associate your  undesirable behavior with an extremely unpleasant stimulus. For example, she may ask you to sip an alcoholic drink after youve taken a medication to induce nausea. After vomiting, the hope is the smell of alcohol would trigger your new and unpleasant memory, causing you to skip the alcohol next time. Treating Phobias With Flooding Therapy Proponents of flooding believe in confronting your fears and the goal is to ameliorate your phobia by flooding your environment with the situation or object of your fear. Sort of like teaching someone how to swim by throwing them into the deep end of a pool. The idea behind this treatment is that fear is a response with limited time and the body will exhaust itself by going through the stages of extreme anxiety. For example, if you are claustrophobic, therapy might involve locking you in a closet for several hours. Once you calm down youve changed your negative association with your fear into a positive one. Behaviorists also believe flooding prevents avoidance behaviors, which reinforce your maladaptive condition. Exposure Therapy Exposure therapy works by exposing yourself to the source of your phobia over time. So if youre afraid of spiders, for example, your therapist might start by showing you a picture of a spider. Later in the process, you might look at a live spider or even hold one. With each step, the power of spiders to scare you diminishes until the phobia is gone. A newer form of this is virtual reality exposure, which allows you to accomplish the same goals via virtual reality technology, thereby avoiding the need to, for example, find real spiders. A 2019 review in Frontiers in Psychology found that virtual reality exposure therapy is no less effective than the non-virtual kind and anticipates that with further advances in the technology, it might one day be considered more effective.?? Behavioral Rehearsal For patients who fear situations, rather than things, a therapist might help you imagine a difficult situation, such as a large party, for example, and guides you through the process of facing and successfully dealing with it, step-by-step. Skills Training For some people, phobias develop as a result of not having the appropriate skills to handle certain situations. Cognitive behavioral therapy skills training can take the form of direct instruction or role-playing, in which the therapist might pretend to be an interviewer for a job, for example, and you would pretend to be interviewing for the job. The idea is that youd have learned some skills to implement during a real job interview.

Capitalism and Socialism History Essay - 550 Words

Capitalism and Socialism (Essay Sample) Content: Capitalism and Socialism NameInstitutionIntroductionCapitalism and socialism are the main ideologies that human beings= in the current societies are concerned with but the two ideologies still have both the differences and the similarities. The Elite though do not care about any of the ideologies and they tend to support any of them since they believe that any collective system governs and gives them power. They therefore support all the ideologies; Communism, Socialism, Fascism, Monarchies and Dictators. Provided any of the powers is consolidated, the elite will support it and the only threat is the United States of America since it has a no income tax, division of labor, no central bank and it has no Elitist class. This has therefore raised question on the similarities between communism and capitalism and the effect the current life has been subjected to basing on the respective economic system.Similarities between capitalism and socialismCapitalism and socialism ar e two different ideologies but they are similar in the way they are supposed to run and work. The power in the two ideologies is equally shared and the parties involved are entitled to equal ruling and governing in the two economic systems. This shows that the level of economic control is equal in the two powers and two parties are equally involved. The other similarity is that everybody should earn or get out what they offer or put in meaning that the input should equal the output and the two powers remains exact opposites.Difference between Capitalism and SocialismIn terms of equity, capitalism has no concern on it and bases its argument in the ground that inequality is essential in the society as it promotes economic innovation and economic development. On the other hand, socialism is concerned with redistribution of economic resources from the wealthy class to the poor to ensure that each and every individual is entitled to equal opportunities and equal outcomes.The second diffe rence is the ownership. Capitalism sticks to the perception that private businesses are owned by private individuals. Socialism disagrees with this in that the state will own and take control over the major means of production.In addition, capitalist economy has it that returns and profit incentive promotes organizations and firms to b more efficient in cutting down the cost and innovating new products. Socialist economy on the other argues that national or state ownership brings about production inefficiency because managers and workers lack incentive to cut down the cost of production.Lastly is in terms of price control. In capitalist economy, prices are evaluated by market forces and monopolist mar...

The Dangers Of Social Media - 1265 Words

The Dangers Of Social Media The world of social media can be a broad spectrum of various possibilities and a deep pool of the unknown. When diving into the world of social media you have to consider the fact that technology has become so advanced that people don’t even have to meet you in order to know who you are without even being present in your person lives. Nowadays you have all sorts of spyware which gives a predator the capability of invading your daily life. We will get more into the different types further along the way. Social media although can be exciting to those that are unaware of these dangers. To people like these; they are prone to damaging their devices and having their most sensitive information stolen. Information such as social security numbers, credit card information, utility billing, and so on. Many people become engulfed in this way of living which in turn makes their devices their lives in a sense. It makes people depended on their electronics, many people wouldn’t be a ble to survive or get around without a cellular device in today’s age. Many people turn to the world of social media to bring them up to date in on the hottest topics or trends, the latest news, or as a way to feel socially accepted. It kind makes it hard for people to actually socialize normally in person and tend to come out of their shells further when behind a computer screen. In my opinion it is sort of an outlet for most people who are afraid to be them actual selves or realShow MoreRelatedThe Dangers Of Social Media1177 Words   |  5 PagesCarlos M. Fernandez Cornelius Brownlee Fund. Of Speech September 18, 2015 Dangers of Social Media In the offline world, communities are much more easily managed, and rules enforced. However, in the virtual world that is the internet, rules become arbitrary. It is scary how much we have incorporated social media into our lives, to the point we are almost dependent on it. While social networking sites may have started off as places where we could share thoughts with our peers and communicate with ourRead MoreThe Dangers Of Social Media911 Words   |  4 Pagesone feel, when going online and talk to a random person through a social media? Does one feel invincible? Like, one has a voice? We all feel that one way or another, because what kind of harm can come to a person through a screen. As it turns out, there is a danger to social media and the online world. This is true, especially for the youths of today; it is also true for the adults as well. Though many know the dangers of Social Media, there are many kids that will still ignore it; which is why itRead MoreThe Dangers of Socia l Media1290 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Media is dangerous. Predators uses websites like social network, sexting, online gaming and chat rooms to harass and can lead to many dangerous situations. Many students send inappropriate pictures, videos of themselves to their friends and they send it to other friends. Anonymous people can see these pictures and send hurtful messages to teenagers. It could harm teenagers because students in school begins to call names and bully them which increases students to commit suicide. SuicideRead MoreThe Dangers Of Social Media1259 Words   |  6 PagesThe Dangers of Social Media Sitting down at the dinner table is not the same as it used to be in past years. Now parents must contend with their kids fighting to hold onto their phones, updating statuses, sending Snapchats, and chatting with friends. Dads must stay up to date with sports and work. Moms take photos, send out emails, and check pins on Pinterest. In this world of fast-paced media accessibility, it is hard to find the time and patience for personal conversations with those we love mostRead MoreThe Dangers Of Social Media3067 Words   |  13 Pagesharmful situation. Millions of teenagers fall into the perils of the social media world due to the over usage of public networking. Everyday tasks including homework, communication, browsing, entertainment, etc. that is done via the internet may seem like a simple and expedient choice when it comes to exploring new things and completing your tasks in a timely manner, but there are millions of people taking advantage of social media usage as a virtual shi eld that consists of hiding themselves behindRead MoreThe Danger Of Social Media Globalization761 Words   |  4 Pages The Danger of Social Media Globalization Jun Su Park (Jun) ILSC in Toronto The Danger of Social Media Globalization The Scottish football manager Sir Alex Ferguson said that â€Å"How do you find the time to do that? There are a million things you can do in your life without that. Get yourself down to the library and read a book. Seriously. It is a waste of time (O’Connell, 2011, para. 5). That is to say; the social media technology is not necessary for the human. However, people tryRead More The Dangers of Social Media Essay908 Words   |  4 Pagesnewly developed technology by means of social media. In today’s society, we are surrounded by sites such as Facebook, Twitter, E-Mail, and various other websites that can often times consume our lives. While social media has plenty of advantages, it also has disadvantages that often times get ignored. As Internet users, it is important to examine these disadvantages and make sure we understand the negative sides to social media. As social media has become the easiest way to communicateRead MoreEssay about The Dangers of Social Media Correlating to Privacy3105 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction Social medias have become a big part of our society now, they are being used in all aspects of our life. We are connected twenty-four hours a day, at work, school, home, shopping etc. There is a necessity, a need to be connected to these social media’s, to feel like you are a part of society. With these growing numbers in being connected to social media’s on the web, there comes a growing desire for privacy and safety. In this paper I will discuss and analyze the social media’s themselvesRead MoreEssay On Teen Suicide1332 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen on the rise just as fast as the rise of social media use. Teenage suicide is never a good thing and is heartbreaking to those it affects. As social media becomes more intertwined in young people s lives there has been an increase in teen suicide from cyber bullying. Often times young teens don t know the dangers and consequences social media can cause and makes it a dangerous place for some of them. The companies that provide these social media websites sometimes do not have the features necessaryRead MoreSocial Media And Its Use By Those Under 18908 Words   |  4 PagesSocial media and its use by those under 18 Social media sites are websites that allow users to connect with large groups of people and share opinions, daily experiences, as well as pictures. These sites can aid with staying in contact with family and friends regardless of their proximity to you. However, these social media sites can cause damage and even bring harm. Parents should not allow children under the age of 18 to access social media sites, because children are not mature enough to deal

What Makes Your Brand - 929 Words

What is Your Brand? Memories and legacies last forever, but to remember them we have to make the brand we are riding for memorable. It may not technically be an actual brand, which belongs on livestock. It can be our name, school, town, or community. Everyone wants to be noticed for every little thing they have accomplished in a career or in originations. There are a number of endless ways to make the brand you re riding for succeed. To succeed at everything you have always dreamt about and wanted to accomplish, you need to have two important traits. Those two traits are heart and determination. If your heart is not truly into what you are doing, maybe you should find something else to succeed at. You also need be†¦show more content†¦I pour my heart into managing. I work everyday from two to six thirty. I will then go to practice. If there is a game I take work off, then I make up the hours. I have set a variety of small goals for myself, so that I don’t get behind in school work, pay my payments for my loan, and enjoy managing. At practice I do many things that need to be done. There are two other managers, but if I learned anything the last previous years that’s not always a good thing. This year though they help with lots of things. During practice many things need to be done. The storage room gets reorganized once a week. Someone has to run the clock so that the coaches stay on time. Also the girls need water. They run a lot so we have to continuously check them to make sure that the water bottles are always full, preferably with ice in them. When there is a game the next day there are more things that need to be done. The ball bag needs to be filled with six basketballs. The medical bag needs to be checked and updated so that we are ready for anything that happens during the games. On game day the three of us round everything up and make sure it all gets on the bus. At the game one of us has to do books, another stats, and the last video tape. Then after the game we have to make sure e verything makes it back to the bus and go get dinner. Most of the time one of us managers have to order dinner at half time of the varsity game. Be prepared to make

Community Being LinkedIn to the World of E-Commerce Essay...

From pre-school to graduate school and from that first job to the start of a career, everyone wants to be accepted no matter the context of the acceptance. Students need to have friends, study partners, and peer and faculty supporters. Employees need to be hired, be able to maintain the job, have a happy work environment, and have the option for promotion or added responsibility. On a different spectrum, businesses need to be accepted as well. They need to be accepted by their employees, by employee candidates, by their customers, by their potential customers, by their marketing and advertisement departments or collaborating companies, and by their business partners. No matter the type of acceptance a business has, whether it is due to†¦show more content†¦This has enabled LinkedIn to harbor a business and professional atmosphere, therefore, creating the sense of community in the process. In order for a community to be strong, there are certain key components that it must ha ve. For instance, a community must be able to benefit the participants as a whole and as individuals. LinkedIn enables its business customers to view other businesses, communicate and make connection with business partner or potential partners, maintain an online persona to further built the brand, and keep track of the business’s employees’ profiles. Businesses are also able to add job listings and review job candidates. Actually, â€Å"a new survey from the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) reveals that 56% of employers use social networking websites in their search for appropriate candidates, and another 20% said they plan to do so in the near future† (Walker, 2011). Individuals are able to connect with friends and colleagues on a more professional platform, which allows them to more easily communicate concerns or ask questions about career choices, college choices, etc. LinkedIn also allows individuals to gain information about businesses they may want to work for or simply learn more information about, apply for jobs, post a resume, ask questions to experts, and join groups of like-minded peers and professionals. All in all, this social networking site has made itShow MoreRelatedePayments and eCommerce: Assignment1310 Words   |  6 Pagestotal) Your answer to each question should be one or two paragraphs long. Each question is worth a total of five marks. 1. What types of e-payment systems should B2C merchants support? many customers are still very afraid to purchase online because of the security issues that s why it s very good to have more than one payment method, payment methods include E-cheques, credit cards, Gift cards, and the best one from my point of view because it s very known for safe online shopping is PayPal. Read MoreForms and Classification of Online Business1729 Words   |  7 Pagesbusiness According to (Adam, Z.R.), the major different types of e-commerce (B2B) Business-to Business, (B2C) Business-to-Consumer, (B2G) Business-to-Government, (C2C) Consumer-to-Consumer and M-commerce which is mobile commerce. Business-to-business is simply e-commerce that is present between two businesses. It is said that it is the fastest growing type of e-commerce, much faster than B2C. It is a type of e-commerce wherein two businesses transact with each other online. About 80% of onlineRead MoreAnalysis Of Agora Mobile Inc.3499 Words   |  14 Pageseffective social media strategy, Agora should be able to capture 5% (approx..1700) of its target market. Step 3: Topics of Focus In my opinion, a bunch of random topics may not be effective in this case. I understand, an occasional tweet about a world cup or trending topics will help to gain more followers, but if Agora is everywhere around the social media without focus areas, the message of Agora business to teachers may not work. Focusing on 3-5 core topics that resonate Agora’s business modelRead MoreUsing Social Networking Websites for Social Media Marketing in Fashion Industry1475 Words   |  6 Pagesexperiences, and connect for business or pleasure†. (Strauss amp; Frost, p. 326). 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Many businesses, as well, have foundRead MoreE Marketing Project1272 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 1 Introduction to e- marketing Assignment †¢ Need to create a note on Flipkart e- marketing tactics covering the following – What are all the eMarketing Tactics that are being used? Please provide proof? †¢ Search Engine Optimization | Pay Per Click Advertising | Social Media Marketing | Banner Advertising | eMail Marketing | Mobile Marketing †¢ What else? – Does FlipKart need each of these tactics? Please give reasons which are related to FlipKart Business, Marketing, Competition, CustomersRead MoreE Marketing Project1263 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 1 Introduction to e- marketing Assignment †¢ Need to create a note on Flipkart e- marketing tactics covering the following – What are all the eMarketing Tactics that are being used? Please provide proof? †¢ Search Engine Optimization | Pay Per Click Advertising | Social Media Marketing | Banner Advertising | eMail Marketing | Mobile Marketing †¢ What else? – Does FlipKart need each of these tactics? Please give reasons which are related to FlipKart Business, Marketing, CompetitionRead MoreCustomers Desire Seamless Shopping Experiences1622 Words   |  7 Pagesdetermine the tone, style, and delivery of your sales and marketing strategies. Source â€Å"Use photos of actual audience members, if possible,† says Anna Ritchie, a marketing and communications practitioner. â€Å"Take snapshots or screenshots of your community members, or of existing buyers (first asking for their permission, of course) and post them in a prominent place in your workspace.† It’s a great way to remind your team that your personas aren’t just fictional characters. You’re creating strategiesRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Society1770 Words   |  8 PagesCommunity and Personal Relationships Indeed today we see that technology has impacted individuals and the community at large. I will talk about how people respond to the impact of the computer revolution. Technological developments like Internet banking and E-commerce could pose both a positive or a negative effect. Internet banking has made bank transaction easy and convenient in the sense that people can do the transactions from anywhere they, desire to i.e in the home, offices,Read MorePotential Benefits Of Social Media1196 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as Facebook. Those opposed to entering this world tend to single out the negative aspects of it and use them as excuses not to join. Merriam-Webster interprets social media as â€Å"forms of electronic communication through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content (as videos)† (â€Å"social media†). Nowhere in that definition does it suggest that only one platform exists. That being said, a great deal of good can, and does, emerge from

John Coltrane A Legendary Saxophonist - 1028 Words

John Coltrane John Coltrane is noted as a legendary saxophonist. His career was brief, controversial yet noted among the most important figure in Jazz. He grew up playing the clarinet and eventually changed to the alto and tenor saxophone. He was not only a musician, but he was also a composer. He endured the loss of several influential men at a young age. Throughout his musical career, he played in many bands including quartets, quintets and sextets. He played alongside many great musicians during his life with most his solo work done later in his career. It wasn’t until decades after his death that he finally got the recognition that he deserved. John Coltrane was born in Hamlet, North Carolina, on September 23, 1926. Shortly after his birth, his family moved from Hamlet to High Point, North Carolina, where he remained until graduating from high school. He grew up around music with his father playing the violin and ukulele and his mother sang in the church choir and played the piano. He was raised in a normal black southern family, which was deeply religious and filled with tradition. â€Å"Coltrane was a sensitive child with a quiet air of curiosity about him. Neither well-off nor poor-his father was a tailor, his mother a domestic and a seamstress-he was exposed to a rich mix of education, religion, and music from a young age† (Kahn 6). â€Å"At the age of 12 he joined a community band in the town of High Point and took up the clarinet† (Jazz Stars 20). When Coltrane was 13 heShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Many Types of Jazz Music2786 Words   |  12 Pagesperform. It has also brought out many famous people. Al though jazz is not the most influencing music currently in the nation, its history proves that it is a great form of music with many origins, a multigenerational life span, numerous styles, many legendary musicians, and its own creative, independent interpretation. Jazz is over 100 years old, probably making it one of the longest, lasting forms of music so far. Jazz was not created by Europeans, it was created by Afro-Americans who descendedRead More John Coltrane Essay5593 Words   |  23 Pagessearch for the incorporation of his spirituality with his music. John Coltrane was not only an essential contributor to jazz, but also music itself. John Coltrane died thirty-two years ago, on July 17, 1967, at the age of forty. In the years since, his influence has only grown, and the stellar avant-garde saxophonist has become a jazz legend of a stature shared only by Louis Armstrong and Charlie Parker. As an instrumentalist Coltrane was technically and imaginatively equal to both; as a composer heRead MoreCarlos Augusto Alves Santana s Influence On American Rock And Roll Artist And The Music Of His Culture1491 Words   |  6 Pages60’s Carlos and his family moved to San Francisco and there he was able to see performers such as B.B. King perform live. Carlos was influenced by many musicians. Not only did he idolized Muddy Waters and B. B. King, but he loved the styles of John Coltrane, Bob Marley, Ritchie Valens and Steve Ray Vaughn. Living in San Francisco in the 60’s presented Carlos with the opportunity to witness the hippie movement. Living in a larger city made way for a variety of musical influences such as folk music

Identify and Respond to Children and Young People at Risk of Harm Free Essays

List the observations that together indicate possible ‘risk of significant harm’ Risk of harm is the indication that the child may suffer physical, emotional, and psychological harm because of neglect by the parent or guardian responsible for his care. In Jamelle’s case, indication includes physical signs like; †¢Various large bruises †¢Smelling strong urine stale †¢Dirty and unwashed skin †¢Lack of fresh changing clothes †¢Vomiting †¢Bloodshot eyes †¢Psychological l problems such as timidness 2.Response to the situation in preparation of drawing a report The response will include investigating the factor that can lead to risk of harm to the child, including social isolation of the child with other children, and family on inadequate access to other family members. We will write a custom essay sample on Identify and Respond to Children and Young People at Risk of Harm or any similar topic only for you Order Now The risk may be caused by inadequate parenting skills, poor models of parenting or neglect. As a caregiver, i will observe and record observations that indicate a risk of harm and note all the behavioural changes. Finally, i will respond to the physical needs of the child such as medical care, giving her adequate sleep time, bathing, and changing his diapers. 3.The actions or work practices to be taken Jamelle needs a close attention, which her mother has failed to give her. As a caregiver, it will be my duty to ensure the child receives a reciprocal treatment. I will offer the child emotional support enable her unite and play with her mates. I will take responsibility of ensuring that the child is cleaned and in proper dressing. In case her mother raises further issues, I will report to the director. The mother on the other hand, need advice and support in helping the child. 4.Ethical responsibilities in the situation in relation to families and children As a worker, one should make the right decision concerning the health of the child and right the actions to be a practice which ensures a child protection. The family has the right to know about the current condition of the child, anticipated risks and possible solutions to the case. As a caregiver, you should make the decision of the  treatment for the child; maintain adequate confidentiality and be consistent in your duties performance. You should not ignore the risk of harm indicator and exercise bias or favouritism motives. Your decisions should be guided by crucial standards, legislations, and professional ethics code. Case 2 1.List the observations that together indicate possible ‘risk of significant harm’ †¢Aggression and fighting with peers †¢Loneliness †¢Aggression towards staff members †¢Disrespect to fathers †¢Wearing heavy attire on warmer days †¢Red welts †¢Burn scars on the stomach and at back area 2.Response to the situation in preparation of drawing a report Tajs aggressiveness, social isolation, changes in dressing and injuries shows that he perceives psychological complications. His actions are just but coping mechanism to stress. It is evident that he was exposed to a lot of abuse during the holiday that has altered her psychological reactions. Helping the Taj will require providing him with stress management support. As my duty, I will draw her close, get the source of his problem and offer counselling lessons. The actions or work practices to be taken As a caregiver I will ensure that there are valid grounds and current concern that Taj is at risk. I will intervene by discussing the concerns with the supervisor especially from the evidence of injuries. I will try to get Taj close, in case he might be ready to share his predicament. The child response will be useful in underpinning the basis of this strange behaviour. It may be because of family problems, sexual abuse, other family challenges or just the culture. I will then report the information gathered to my director for further action Ethical responsibilities in the situation in relation to families and children The first move will to determine the cause of the child assault. I will try to dig the information from the child by assuring him privacy and protection from further assault. I will discuss the problem with my supervisor to weigh whether summoning the child parents is necessary. As a caregiver, you should make the decision of treatment of thechild; maintain adequate confidentiality, be consistent in your duties performance. You should not ignore the risk of harm indicator and exercise bias or favouritism motives. Your decisions should be guided by crucial standards, legislations, and professional ethics code. Case study 2 Where would you find information on how your service responds to Child Protection issues? On the Child Protection Act, UN convention of Human Rights, Government legislation act, and professional code of ethics List the legislative acts that govern Child Protection Services in your state/territory. Children, Youth and Families Act 2005 (as amended 2011) Working with Children Act Child Wellbeing and Safety Act 2005 The Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006 Family Law Act 1975 Access the Community Services website (formerly DOCS) www.community.nsw.gov.au. Steps in making a report; 1.Indicate the child details such as full name, age, residence address, and phone number. 2.Indicate the any aliases details including full name, approximate age, residence address and contact number of the cares or parent. 3.Description of the child state 4.Indication the possible communication needs such as people of aboriginal agency or those with hearing impairment 5.Indicate the details of the reporter. i.Time, date, name, and signature of staff making the report Time – 7.30 AM Date – 11/01/2013 Name – Mary Marshall Staff signature – ii.Full name, date of birth (or approximate age), address and phone number of the child/children you are concerned about Full name- Joseph Timothy Drake Date of birth – 31/10/04 Address – 13 Short St, Parker Phone – (09) 7476 9435 iii.Full name (such as any known aliases), estimate age, address and phone details of the parents or caregivers Full name –Lis Age – 52 address – 13 Short St, Parker Phone – (09) 7476 9435 iv.a description of the child (may be created) and their current whereabouts Joseph is a five-year-old child. The child caters for her mother who undergoes spouse abuse. He currently attends care center but with a unique behaviour. v.Clear and concise description of the injury/observed harm A large purplee bruise on the child right backside vi.clear and concise observation of the child’s conversation and behaviour (if applicable Joseph does not share information with anyone. Joseph is shy and avoids eye contact In a recent scenario he sat facing wall for an hour He is physically ready to attack both his fellow mates and staff He prefers to stay alone at a class corner He wets himself vii.clear and concise records of mothers conversation and behavior The mother is open and frank to both his son and staff members Her mother admits being beaten in Joseph’s presence by the spouse. Joseph gets anger by her mother being molested The spouse at times threatens Joseph The mother stressed by the situation and is worried about his son. How to cite Identify and Respond to Children and Young People at Risk of Harm, Essays

Stress in the Workplace free essay sample

It is important to understand that what is excessive for one individual may be perfectly tolerable for another. (Moorhens/Griffin 2010 peg 197) Moorhens Griffin state that much of what we know about stress can be traced back to the work of Dry. Hans Sells. Sells Is often considered one of the early pioneers of modern stress theory. His scientific research helped to shape our understanding of stress. Sells defined stress as : Stress is the nonspecific response of the body to any demand, whether it is caused y, or results In, pleasant or unpleasant conditions. Http://move. Gentle-stress- relief. Com/Hans;sells. HTML) other sources such as Evangelical and Matheson define stress as the interaction of the individual with the environment (Lutheran 2002 peg 396) They go on to define stress as an adaptive response, mediated by individual differences and/or psychological processes, that Is a consequence of any external (environmental) action, situation, or event that places excessive psychological and/or physical demands on a person. We will write a custom essay sample on Stress in the Workplace or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Behr and Newman are also another source that define stress as a condition arising from the interaction of people and their Jobs and characterized by changes within people that force them to deviate from their normal functioning. (Lutheran 2002 peg 396) Lutheran (2002 peg 396) states that another way to understand what stress is, is to point out what it is not: 1 . Stress is not simply anxiety. Anxiety operates solely in the emotional and psychological sphere, whereas stress operates there and also In the physiological sphere.Thus stress may be accompanied by anxiety, but the 2 should not be equated. 2. Stress Is not simply nervous tension. Like anxiety, nervous tension may result from stress, but the two are not the same. 3. Stress is not necessarily something damaging, bad, or to be avoided. Gestures (positive stress) is not damaging or bad and is something people should seek out rather than avoid. The key Is how the person handles the stress. Stress is inevitable; distress (negative stress) may be prevented or can be effectively controlled.Stress in the workplace can affect an individuals career and in turn the company. Causes of stress It Is not surprising that there are many different causes of stress In the workplace today. There Is not only one factor that triggers stress, but the combination of many different ones. Many of these factors include: * Excessively high workloads, with unrealistic deadlines making people feel rushed, under pressure and overwhelmed. * Insufficient workloads, making people feel that their skills are being underused. A lack of control over work satellites. A lack of interpersonal support or poor working relationships leading to a sense of isolation. * People being asked to do a Job for which they have insufficient meeting the new roles requirements and adapting to possible changes in relationships with colleagues. * Concerns about Job security, lack of career opportunities, or level of pay. * Bullying or harassment. * A blame culture within your business where people are afraid to get things wrong or to admit to making mistakes. Weak or ineffective management which leaves employees feeling they dont have a sense of direction, or over-management, which can leave employees feeling undervalued and affect their self-esteem. Stress in the Workplace free essay sample Discusses the effects of stress in the workplace, assesses the means by which companies can reduce workplace stress discusses some stress reduction techniques. The issue of stress is one which arises in nearly all situations, however to varying levels and degrees. In the workplace in particular stress is something which not only annoys and at times hurts the individual, but it likewise damages the company. In the radiology department at Community General Hospital, the levels of stress have reached the point where this is the reality, with the quality of work and operating atmosphere being harmed by the presence of stress. The interaction between employees, management, and the overall mission by which the department is led either create harmony, or discord. In the instance of Community General Hospital, the lack of synergy between these particular areas is inhibiting productivity, decreasing the quality of the overall work environment and also productivity.

Research Proposal on Cash Management Essay Example

Research Proposal on Cash Management Essay Cash management is one of the services offered by banks to their clients, with the help of which the client can reduce his expenditures and manage his finance effectively. In the broad meaning cash management is connected with the sphere of finance and touches upon the questions of receiving, management and usage of finance and evaluation of the situation of the money streams and investment. Cash management embraces such services, as the management of the bank accounts, electronic banking, information services, card projects, etc. It is obvious that cash management is the marketing term for the certain services, which are connected with the cash flows, that are addressed to the large clients, who require high-quality and flexible management of their financial resources. Cash management can contain such services: cash pooling, cash concentration, zero balance account, trigger balancing, target balancing, etc. Cash pooling is the service which connects all the accounts of the client opened in the one bank into the one pool. There are two kinds of cash pooling: the first one is the cash concentration (the money from all the accounts are connected into the single pool) and notional pooling. The service of cash management is quite a useful offer for customers, because enables them manage their cash wisely. In order to cope with the research proposal on this topic a student is supposed to read a lot and look through the reliable articles in encyclopedias, periodicals and the Internet. If one catches the main idea of cash management, he will be able to have a sober image of the service in his head and will probably have new ideas which will be effective enough to improve the methodology of the service. If a student has got an interesting thought about cash management, he has the right to write a research proposal to win the chance to prepare a research paper on the chosen topic. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Cash Management specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Cash Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Cash Management specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A good research proposal is supposed to contain up-to-date interesting and thought-provoking data and wise brand new ideas. The paper should be composed logically and convincingly in order to persuade the professor that the topic is worth investigation. A student will have to introduce the literature review, methodology of the research and the list of the expected results with the conclusion of their value for the discipline. The most serious trouble which can occur during the process of research proposal writing is the process of composition of the paper. The Internet and a free example research proposal on cash management is the effective piece of help for every student. If one does not have writing skills and is not aware of the principles of the persuasive manner of writing, a free sample research proposal on cash management is the best solution to the problem. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research proposal on Cash Management topics. Your research paper proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated PhD and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research proposal help at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all proposal details: Enjoy our professional research proposal writing service!

Music Research Paper Topics and Ideas

Music Research Paper Topics and Ideas As different cultures have their own music preferences, it is important to realize how certain traditions have influenced the art from various perspectives. Besides, one should realize that music, as an art, has evolved during history and attained peculiar features. Therefore, writing about music encompasses the ability to understand its core principles, realize its social and cultural concepts, and do in-depth research. Even though music research may be challenging, it could be done in an interesting way. For instance, you can focus on specific topics that are of your highest concern. As there are various aspects of this particular art field, you can choose, for example, the history of music development, a person, or a genre as the main subject of your research paper. Thus, it is crucial to take into account all social, historical, and cultural peculiarities of a specific topic. When it comes to sources, you should define the references according to the type of research you do. For instance, if your research paper is about a famous musician, relevant references should be his or her works, notes, and information about specific working and living conditions. Topics Ideas for Music Research Papers 1. Country as the Most Popular Music Genre in the United States When writing music research on this topic, concentrate on the modern state of what music genres are popular in the US. Take into account general tendencies and statistics. Then, provide strong evidence and reasoning for the current popularity of country music in America. Doing research on such topic provides information about general music preferences in the country. 2. Music and Its Effects on the Brain This topic involves research in the fields of music and biology. For instance, you can discuss the fact that listening to music is the activity that uses all parts of our brain. You can find relevant information in medical journals and articles. However, you should put the focus of the research on music since the purpose of such paper is the musics influence on a person. Apart from being interesting to study, such a topic may provide valuable data about the relationship between music and the human body. 3. The History of Reggae Music in Africa The research paper on this topic demands an overview of the genre and its development on the African continent. You should present how reggae was spread, and how it penetrated the African culture. In the paper, provide the years and the key personalities relevant to the topic. These kinds of topics can give the readers an understanding of the particular genre and its influence on the traditions and cultures in certain countries. 4. The Origins of Black Music and Its Influence on the Pop Culture in America Similarly to the previous one, this topic emphasizes the specific genre, its history, and its impact on society. When writing the research paper, you have to refer to the specific evidence and facts about genre development. Moreover, it is important to connect this information to the social realities in America. Thus, by researching this subject, you investigate crucial musical aspects, such as American history and culture. 5. European Musical Style History After World War II Researching similar topics, you should remember that there are not one but two major limits, particularly the genre you chose and the specific timeframe. You should present information about the impact of historical events on music development. Find the data about musicians who were creating their artworks during the after-war period and evaluate their influence on the European music of that time. Then, it will be possible to analyze the development of musical styles. 6. Musicology as Means of Studying Music As there is a specific field that researches music, you might as well consider writing the research paper about it. Taking into account that this discipline is very broad, you might also consider studying its components, such as music theory, ethnomusicology, or performance practice. However, if you decide to research musicology as a whole, you can provide information about general departments of musicology, its sub-disciplines, and methodology. 7. Why Is Music Frequently Used in Commercials? The topic suggests providing evidence on why music enhances commercials. In the research paper, you can describe how it affects the viewers, what are the main advantages of using it, and how advertisements adapt music to one’s preferences. You can also refer to specific examples of commercials. 8. Applying Music to Teaching and Learning The paper on this topic will appeal to younger generations and teachers. For example, you can emphasize that a three-minute music break during the studying process will improve students mood, and they will become more eager to study. As for teachers, they can evaluate the effectiveness of such an approach and determine the best ways of using music for education. These ideas might help to introduce new ways of beneficial music application. 9. The Origins of Music Theory The topic combines the research of the discipline and its history. In the research paper, you can mention the key concepts of the theory. Then, it is important to refer to its historical aspect. For instance, you can focus on the development of music theory during the antiquity in Mesopotamia or China. 10. Music Therapy in the American Indian Culture The focus of the research paper would be on the cultural beliefs of the Natives and the physiological effect of their music. To present the subject comprehensively, you have to research music from the perspective of a certain culture. As an example, you can refer to the scholarly articles that provide data about music therapy with the means of the instruments, such as the Native American flute. 11. Michael Jackson or the â€Å"Moonwalking† Man While writing a research paper on the topic, remember to provide distinctive features of the person. You can highlight the singer’s features of character or behavior. For instance, it would be superb to mention that Michael Jackson popularized special dance movements, such as the moonwalk and the robot. 12. Beethoven’s Life and Works The topic is very similar to the previous one. Define the musicians biography and the music he composed. An interesting idea would be to divide Beethovens career into periods and write about each of them respectfully. 13. Opera Music and Its Popularity in Europe In the research paper, you have to determine which aspects of opera music cause an impact on European society. Provide credible evidence that opera is popular in the modern world. Next, highlight the peculiar features that attract the audience. For example, you may emphasize that opera combines performing arts, dance, and music; thus, these aspects are particularly valuable for the European population. 14. The Romantic Period in Music While writing a research paper on the specific music era, focus on the central features of the period. The main peculiarities of each era include innovative approaches to music, prominent composers, singers, and the dominant types of musical works. For example, you can underline that the Romantic period is characterized by works of Chopin, Mendelssohn, and Schubert. 15. How Is Music Presented in the Film Titanic The topics main idea is to evaluate the role of music in the film. You can highlight the most captivating moment in the movie. Then, you can connect the atmosphere of the scene to the music that is played. For example, My Heart Will Go On emphasizes the deep feelings and emotions of the characters. With an ideal correlation between the music and the visuals, the song highlights the importance of the scene and creates a positive image in the viewers mind. 16. Shakespeares Music in His Plays The topic is special because it highlights the works of the prolific English poet with a focus on music. The research paper on this topic should contain the general presentation of the plays peculiarities, as well as the role of music in them. For example, you can approach the musicians, scene locations, and the ways in which the music was performed. 17. Comparative Research of the Imperial Chinese and Japanese Music While writing the paper on this topic, provide the peculiarities in both countries musical styles and compare them. Once again, such topics require sufficient study of culture and understanding of the Japanese and Chinese societies. In the paper, you can provide information about the Chinese cultural influence on Japan. You may also consider comparing the countries musical instruments and types of music performances. 18. Most Common Musical Instruments in Ancient Rome In this research, your aim is to find sources that provide evidence about the ancient Roman culture and arts. After that, you can define the general tendencies during that period and investigate what instruments were commonly used. For instance, you may want to identify specific instruments, provide their description, and the reasons for their popularity. 19. Womens Impact on Jazz Music The topic implies that you research not only the certain music genre but also the personalities who influenced it. Some ideas for writing the paper about women and jazz include mentioning the history of the genre, various female singers, and their contribution to music. For example, you may provide information about famous female jazz instrumentalists, such as Dolly Jones or Vi Redd. 20. Music on the Radio: How It Has Changed Peoples Tastes To present the topic comprehensively, you have to research the history of FM music. Define the importance of the radio for people and draw statistics of the most popular songs. Having done that, you will be able to analyze the data and make your own conclusions. For instance, you may highlight the fact that nowadays many people listen to the radio music in cars and pubs. Thus, their tastes are determined by the external influence of the radio. Conclusion In conclusion, music research paper topics could be connected with history, culture, and the musicians of various regions. If you write such kind of paper, you have to find information about genres, musicians, composers, and instruments that are related to the research area. The topics and ideas presented in this guide could be used for your music research paper.

Adverb Placement in English and Grammar Focus

Adverb Placement in English and Grammar Focus Adverbs provide information about how, when or where something is done. Its easy to understand what adverbs do by looking at the word adverb: Adverbs add something to the verb! Lets take a look at a few examples: Jack often visits his grandmother in Chicago. The adverb often tells us how often Jack visits his grandmother in Chicago. Alice plays golf very well. The adverb well tells us how Alice plays golf. It tells us the quality of how she plays. However, they must remember to clean up before they leave. The adverb however connects the sentence to the independent clause or sentence that comes before it. You may have noticed that the adverb placement is different in each of the three sentences. Adverb placement in English can be confusing at times. Generally, adverb placement is taught when focusing on specific types of adverbs. Adverb placement for adverbs of frequency comes directly before the main verb. Therefore, they come in the middle of the sentence. This is referred to as mid-position adverb placement. Here is a general guide to adverb placement in English. Adverb Placement: Initial Position Adverb placement at the beginning of a clause or a sentence is referred to as initial position. Connecting Adverbs Initial position adverb placement is used when using a connecting adverb to join a statement to the preceding clause or sentence. Its important to remember that these connecting adverbs take adverb placement at the beginning of a phrase in order to connect it to the phrase that has come before. Commas are often used after the use of a connecting adverb. There are a number of these connecting adverbs, here are some of the most common: However,Consequently,Then,Next,Still, Examples: Life is hard. However, life can be fun.The market is very difficult these days. Consequently, we need to focus on what works best for our customers.My friend Mark doesnt enjoy school. Still, hes working hard at getting good grades. Time Adverbs Time adverbs are also used at the beginning of phrases to indicate when something should happen. Its important to note that time adverbs are used in a number of adverb placements. Time adverbs are the most flexible of all adverbs in their adverb placement. Examples: Tomorrow Peter is going to visit his mother in Chicago.Sundays I like playing golf with my friends.Sometimes Jennifer enjoys a relaxing day at the beach. Adverb Placement: Middle Position Focusing Adverbs Adverb placement of focusing adverbs generally takes place in the middle of a sentence, or in the mid-position. Focusing adverbs put the emphasis on one part of the clause in order to modify, qualify or add additional information. Adverbs of frequency (sometimes, usually, never, etc.), adverbs of certainty (probably, certainly, etc.) and comment adverbs (adverbs expressing an opinion such as intelligently, expertly, etc.) can all be used as focusing adverbs. Examples: She often forgets to take her umbrella to work.Sam stupidly left his computer at home instead of taking it with him to the conference.Ill certainly buy a copy of his book. NOTE: Remember that adverbs of frequency are always placed before the main verb, rather than the auxiliary verb. (I dont often go to San Francisco. NOT I often dont go to San Francisco.) Adverb Placement: End Position Adverb placement is usually at the end of a sentence or phrase. While its true that adverb placement can happen in the initial or mid-position, its also true that adverbs generally are placed at the end of a sentence or phrase. Here are the three most common types of adverbs placed at the end of a sentence or phrase. Adverbs of Manner Adverb placement of adverbs of manner usually occurs at the end of a sentence or clause. Adverbs of manner tell us how something is done. Examples: Susan hasnt done this report accurately.Sheila plays piano thoughtfully.Tim does his math homework carefully. Adverbs of Place Adverb placement of adverbs of place usually occurs at the end of a sentence or clause. Adverbs of place tell us where something is done. Examples: Barbara is cooking pasta downstairs.Im working in the garden outside.They will investigate the crime downtown. Adverbs of Time Adverb placement of adverbs of time usually occurs at the end of a sentence or clause. Adverbs of manner tell us when something is done. Examples: Angie likes relaxing at home on weekends.Our meeting takes place at three oclock.Frank is having a checkup tomorrow afternoon.

Standardized STATE testing and stress and anxiety in elementary school Research Paper

Standardized STATE testing and stress and anxiety in elementary school children in 3rd-5th grades - Research Paper Example This paper is going to give an in-depth analysis of test anxiety and how it can be controlled. The use of standardized testing in the education sector has become ever-present (Cassady, 2010). As significant as examinations are in the life of students, test anxiety among elementary students seems to have been disregarded. The demands for students to perform well in examinations are a reality. The TAKS test produce stress and anxiety on many children resulting to emotional tension. Pressure and demand is placed on students to perform and achieve higher scores in their examinations. This calls for the need of counselors to implement interventions to help reduce stress and anxiety (Putwain and William, 2008). Researchers in the fields of education and psychology have described test anxiety as a relatively stable personality trait. In advanced and critical cases it generates devastating psychological and behavioral responses. Cassady (2010) and Putwain and William (2008) agree that elementary students show signs and symptoms of test anxiety. Test anxiety has many effects on the cognitive abilities, behavior, emotions and health of the child as explained by BNET (2010), Carter et al. (2008) and Cassady (2010). The elementary students can be equipped with tools to enable them to deal with test anxiety as cited by Cassidy et al. (2002), Walsh and Murphy (2003) and Putwain and William (2008). Carter et al. (2008), BNET, (2010) and Cassidy et al. (2010), state that the test anxiety affects the performance of the students. Cassidy et al. (2002) and Lohaus and Klein- Hessling (2003) concur that the children at the elementary level can be taught relaxation tools to handle test anxiety. Students in the elementary level experience tension and apprehension before and during an examination (Cassady, 2010). This state can be described as anxiety which

Freedom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Freedom - Essay Example Thomas, lead character of the story, who is living the life of suffering in Chicago's ghettos until he gets his ticket out of craving to get freedom. Bigger is hampered with a powerful zeal that he has cannot control his life and that he cannot do anything other than working as a labor. The character is very complex and has very low confidence level. The novel may only be compared to the Richard Wright supporting culture, and a very complex in fact a negative picture of the black Americans. Mary’s murder gives Bigger a sense of power and identity he has never known. Which though leads him to death at the end but he struggled hard to overcome all his weakness his poverty. He has a great feeling of freedom too as explained in the novel. â€Å"Bigger has a strong feeling of freedom: "Sort of natural-like, me being here facing that death chair. Now I realize about it, it seems like something like this just had to be. He is then fated to death and faces his destiny impenitently. T hinking of that 'the reason I killed for, I am!' Though in prison, shows a great need for a common brotherhood. This actually shows what Wright really think of freedom. As he considered freedom a term when one can free him from any regret from every sin he has done mistakenly or with conscious mind which leads him to death yet is effective as it will end. The novel shows various annoying characteristics of Thomas. As though he was a very terrified boy from white that he never ever tried to rob the white with his gang as he take white not an individual but as a group. So he was very much terrifying and may be his fear will then end at such violence. Richard Wrights has a very complex definition of freedom. As doing a complete analysis of Thomas it seems that writer is a very deep critic of the society’s cruel attitude and the strange implementation of those rules that support racism. He portrays the character as it is a real discovery of such cruel society. Wright has a clear an idea of freedom and also he discovers many hurdles can be faced by achieving such levels of freedom are not possible until one can sacrifice greatly. Mary, Mr. Dalton’s daughter was a really against this racism so she threaten Thomas to forget about all the taboos and to encourage him she spent full night with his boy friend and Bigger her boy friend Jan desperate to prove their liberal thoughts and racial tolerance against the black Americans. Despite Bigger’s embracement they spent great time with him. This is another way of depicting that this is not possible to get a real freedom. As though the couple is giving Thomas a great opportunity to interact with a class of white people but he acts annoyingly. That shows at any cost bigger does not have the ability to overcome his inferiority complex enforced in him from his childhood that may lead to a strange criminal mind set. Like after that evening they get drunk heavily. And Bigger drove to home. Afterward, Mary is too drunk as she cannot go to her bedroom on her own, so Bigger helps her to get there. Drunk and as he get freedom he started kissing Mary. That depicts what the writer another perception towards the fears and complexes of one man that leads him towards violating all the rules. And act like animal as when he get a little space and a chance he forgot what is right and what is wrong and freely do what his fear asks him to do. This is a way to get freedom but deeply this is not a real freedom actually this is an outcome of all those

FDI and Balance of Payment Relationship in Canada

FDI and Balance of Payment Relationship in Canada Chapter One Introduction History of FDI Foreign investment was very common in the late nineteenth century. It was a strategy from British to provide fund for economic development in other nation, as well as to gain ownership of financial assets. Godley 1999 mentioned in his research that the bulk of FDI that was based on British manufacturing industry before 1890 was in industrial goods sector. He also mentions that most investors failed as a result of narrow focus and their major concern his to enhance British market. Singer Manufacturing Company was an exception due to its commitment to FDI and being the first biggest and modern Multinational Corporation in the world (Moosa, 2002). During the era of interwar in the twentieth century, FDI declined and later rose but there was an astonished development in that period, British status was lost as a world creditor, and USA became the economic and financial power and FDI was favoured by USA tax law. After the world war, FDI increased as a result of two reasons: firstly, good technology in the area of communication and transportation that eliminate distance barrier. Secondly, the need of reconstruction of war damages by European countries and rest of the rich nation around the world. (Moosa, 2002). In the 1980s, there was a decline in FDI (outward). This was due to the fact that most host countries started resisting U.S control and ownership of domestic firms. Also, host countries recovered by initiating FDI in USA which affect US net inflow. In the 1970s, there was a big fall in the U.S FDI but British was back to FDI business as a result of North sea oil boom and the abolition of foreign exchange controls in 1979. In 1980s, changes in FDI occurred in which USA became a net debtor nation and major recipient of FDI with an unfavourable net international position. This was caused by depreciation of U.S dollar, restrictive trade policy and low saving rate in U.S economy. This disenabled the U.S in financing its own investment in its economy, giving rise to needs of FDI from other nations like Germany and Japan. Also, in the 1980s Japan became a major supplier of FDI to U.S.A, Europe and South East of Asia. Most countries embrace Japanese investors because of its provision of chea p labour. The revolution of FDI in the 80s can be attributed to globalization. (Moosa, 2002). In the 1990s, there was reasonable improvement in the investment climate which exposed most countries to the benefits of FDI. Some of the reasons that led to the improvement FDI of are: removal of FDI obstacles, changes in attitude and increases in FDI intensive. The removal of local hindrances through deregulation and privatization was favourable to FDI. Another remarkable thing that happened in the 1990s was the fall in the importance of Japan as a front runner of FDI. This caused economic doom in Japanese economy. Finally, FDI has gone through many reforms from countries to countries, in the late 90s, the number of treaties for the avoidance of double tax reached a total of 1871. In 1998 and 1999 some measures like protection, liberalization and promotion was brought in by the host nation (policies) on FDI. (Moosa, 2002). Globally, the economic development of deeper and more sophisticated internal and international financial market, improvements in information network and technological advancement have made contribution to sound financial and economic integration. For a nation to partake in any of the economic gains arising from these processes it need to adopt reform policies to improve efficiency. Most countries advocate FDI to encourage economic development because of its indirect impact in the host economy due to increase in competition, technical know-how and technological spill-over via multinational corporations to domestic firms. Gorg and Greenway (2002, stated in Morris 2008, p.4) that a possible channel is one in which domestic firms are thought to imitate the technology used by the companies. This will result to better ways of local firms of making their production. Competition is another positive effect of FDI. The entry of foreign companies compels the domestic ones to be more efficient in all ramifications. The latter gains better skill will from employee training through new improved technology requirement in the production process. (Morris 2008). FDI helps local firm to bypass government bureaucracy, legality and financial obstacles encountered in the host economy. International organisations always recommend that less developed countries rely mainly on FDI as a source of external finance. Hericourt Poncet (2008, p.1) confirm that the development of cross border relationship with foreign countries help private domestics firms to bypass both the financial and legal obstacles that they face at home At the same time, many may not be pleased with the policies that encourage FDI which might be unfavourable to host economy since foreigners will have share in domestic economic activity. According to Holden (2007), there was an argument that foreign-controlled investments may be bias and not act in the best interest of locals and nationals; that profit may be exported out of the country; and that foreign ownership could have national security implications in situation where industries or products are of strategic importance. These concern links to energy and natural resource sector. The concerns may lead to countries to place restriction on investment in sector that involves strategic importance. Canadian Chamber of Commerce had an annual general meeting in 2007. A resolution was passed Attracting FDI to Canada, among the issues discussed in the meeting was an advise for Canadian government to adopt policies that encourage foreign investor to Canada, even though some call for tighter restrictions for FDI due to its demerits (Morris, 2008). Canada was among the countries that provided a shield for his economy with the provision of 1985 Investment Canada Act. This Act states that any proposed foreign direct investment above a certain amount is subject to review and approval from the industry Minister. For the proposed investment to be approved, it must demonstrate that its proposed investment provide a net benefit to Canada, some of the things the industry Minister will consider are; employment, investment in Canada to compete in the world market, the compatibility of the investment with national industrial, economic and cultural policies and many others (Holden, 2007). Using Canada (a country that has benefited from FDI in all ramifications from the perspective of macro economics level down to the micro level, from one sector to another sector) as a case study. It is obvious that Canada has gained so much in FDI both in forward linkages and backward linkages. According to the Daily (May 6, 2008), the stock of FDI in Canada sky rocketed in the last eight years, and the sector that had the biggest share were the resource based industries. The Canadian Chamber of Commerce Annual General Meeting (2007) passed a resolution titled Attracting Foreign Direct Investment to Canada. The meeting called for the Canadian government to send a clear and positive message to foreign investors that Canada wants inbound investment through a proactive investment strategy and promotion champagne (Morris, 2008). Aim Most previous studies focused on the role of FDI on economic growth but their findings shows that FDI is not significant to economics growth. Carkovic and Levine (2002), prove that FDI does not independently influence on economic growth. However, economic growth and balance of payment (BOP) as a macro-economic objectives of any rational nation, in which there is sort of trade-off in both objectives.(this will be explain in the literature review section ).(pass et al. 1995). Countries calls for FDI coming between the two objectives as result nation rationale of protectionism ( quotas ,high import duties and embargo) to resolve balance of payment problem, and to achieve import substitution and export promotion agenda. Keynesian economic growth model, which is measured with Gross Domestic Product (GDP), have many component such as government expenditure, consumption level, investment, and export minus import (BOP current account). Changes in any of these components will have multiplier effect on the economic growth. (Moosa, 2002). FDI will have direct effect on host nations balance of payment which will indirectly impact the host country growth. The question being asked in this research is there any relationship between FDI and BOP? The aim of this dissertation is to determine the relationship between FDI and Balance of Payment in Canada over the period of 1990 to 2008. This aim will be achieve by building a model to explain the casual relationship between dependent variable and independent variables to figure out the relationship between FDI and BOP. Also, hypothesis will be formulated to test some of the objectives of the study. Robin says in Saunders (2007) that with deductive research its necessary to deduct a hypothesis. The study explores six possible issues: Objectives To determine the proportion of Canadian Capital account explained by growth in FDI in Canada over the period of 1990 to 2008. To determine the proportion of Canadian Current account explained by growth in FDI in Canada over the period of 1990 to 2008. To determine the proportion of Canadian Import explained by growth in FDI in Canada over the period of 1990 to 2008. To determine the proportion of Canadian Export explained by growth in FDI in Canada over the period of 1990 to 2008. To ascertain the relationship between Canadian FDI and Canadian BOP over the period of 1990 to 2008. To examine the major (countries) contributor to Canadian FDI over the period of 1990 to 2008. Significant of the study The significant of this study is to know the role of FDI in achieving one of the macro economic objective. This to ascertain if FDI will affect BOP in Canada positively or negatively. If the effect is positive, there will be needs of improving scope or magnitude for FDI in Canada for the future .However; if it is negative there may needs for government policies to restrict the inflow of FDI to Canada so as to achieve a favourable bop. The consecutive chapters will structure in the following ways: chapter two discusses the theoretical background information related to FDI, chapter three examines the academic literature relevant to the topic and also describes the methodology while chapter four presents the empirical analysis and discusses the econometrics result. The concluding chapter provides a conclusion of the research work. Chapter two Literature Review Theoretical Background (Moosa,2002) defines Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as the process whereby residence of a country (the source country) acquire ownership of asset for the purpose of controlling the production, distribution and other activities of a firm in another country (the host country). It involves the transfer of financial capital, technology and other skills such as managerial, marketing, accountancy, and so on. International Monetary Funds Balance of Payment Manual defines FDI as an investment that is made to get a long lasting interest in a organisation operating in an economy difference the investor. (Canada Statistics, 2008) defines FDI as a component of a nations international investment position which explains a countrys investment position: the difference between aggregate financial assets and aggregate financial liabilities. Direct investment, portfolio investment and other investment are the component of financial asset and financial liabilities. (Frankel and Romer, 1999) describe FDI as one of the crucial catalysts for economic growth in a nation especially in less developed countries. This statement describes the significance of FDI to a nation. FDI can also be described as a company from one country making physical investment into building a factory in another country. It is the establishment of an enterprise by a foreigner. (UNCTAD, 2002) defines FDI as investment made to acquire lasting interest in enterprise operating outside the investors economy. In short, a business or firm that undertake FDI become a multinational national company (MNCs) because of it ability to own many subsidiaries in many foreign countries. Foreign Direct investment (FDI) plays a crucial role in any host economy in the aspect of economic prosperity and building wealth. It also leads to increase in capital flow and, highly skilled human power, and reduction in unemployment and importation of advanced equipment and technology to enhance output level. This has a direct impact on the nations gross domestic product by promoting economic development. Mutenyo (2008), said most less developed countries now adopt policies that encourage FDI. Among these po licies are privatization, trade and exchange rate liberalization, and, tax rebate and incentives for foreign investors to enjoy the business environment. FDI is different from other components (such as international financial assets, portfolios and so on) of international investment. International Monetary Fund (IMF 2003, p.6) define FDI as a category of international investment that reflects the objective of a resident in one economy (the direct investor) obtaining a lasting interest in an enterprise resident in another country (p.6). IMF further explained that a direct investment is established when a foreign investor has more than 10% ordinary share or voting right of a host country enterprise (IMF 2003, p6-7). In Canada, direct investment is measured as the total value of equity, net long-term claims and net short-term claims held by the enterprises border (Canada Statistics, 2008). FDI has been increasing globally over the last two decades. Especially in the 90s, FDI increased more than the world economic growth. According to United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) data collection pertaining to FDI regulations in 1991, it shows that between January 1991 and December 2002, total of over 1600 measures were introduced by 165 countries; more that 90% of them was in favour of FDI in terms of changes; the nature of the introduced measures ranging from security for investors, to liberalization of rules governing the inflow of foreign investors, to measures that are promotional in nature(UNCTAD, 2003). The measures were extended to the international level through double taxation treaties (DTT) and bilateral investment treaties (BIT). Over the last four decades, FDI have gone through series of transformation in Canada. Gellaty 2006 (in Morris, 2008, p6) explained the reason for the emergence of the Foreign Investment Review Agency (FIRA). Due to growing concern of FDI in the late 1960s and early 1970s, the Foreign Investment Review Agency (FIRA) was established to regulate and monitor FDI. The regulation governing FDI and FIRA was replaced with Investment Canada in 1985. The regulation was aimed at protecting and promoting FDI in Canada. There was also an implementation of Canada-U.S Free Agreement (CUFTA) and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) to promote FDI further in Canada. FDI appear to be a topic that covers both narrow and broader area. Feenstra (1999,quoted in Liebscher 2007, p.3) expresses FDI as the combination of both international trade in goods and international financial flows, and as a phenomenon more complex than either international trade or international financial flow. From micro-economics perspective, FDI raises the issues of location consideration and ownership. From the macro-economics angle, FDI considers the fear of unemployment and the loss of freedom. For Policy makers, FDI is an issue to balance the benefits of spillovers with growing concern of the public. The concern authorities will be rational in policies that will favour FDI and all concern parties. FDI is one of the key features of the modern globalized world. According to (Peter 2008), most industrialists believed that there is international links in the late medieval and early modern era. They were also of the opinion that multinational firms became crucial in numerous ind ustries in the late nineteenth century but the period since World War II and in particular, since 1985 have seen an explosion in FDI both in relative and absolute terms to the levels of trade and gross domestic product. However, economic theory provides an extensive economics literature which was developed to investigate the causes, nature and consequences of FDI. One of the reasons for the creation of FDI is as a result of cheap cost of production in the host economy. FDI occurs when the benefits of producing in a foreign market out weighs the cost of economic of scale from producing exclusively in the firms home plant (Neary 2008, p.13). This benefit can be explained by the concept of proximity –concentration trade-off. That is foreign firms take advantage of trade off in production in home countries which will expose them to high exportation cost and international trade barriers relative to proximity to customer and low transportation cost. There are some conflicting predictions about the effect of FDI on economic growth. Blomstrom and Kokako (1998, quoted in Mutenuyo 2008, p.3) explain that spillover occurs if the entrance of multinational enterprises (MNE) result to efficiency and produc tivity benefit to the domestic firms in the host country and MNE is not able to internalize the full value of these benefits. On the other hand, negative externalities exist if the activities of FDI result to loss in efficiency, productivity and profitability among the local firms and the alien investors do not compensate them for their loss. In a nutshell, FDI can be detrimental to an economy. MNE are assumed to compete favourably with the more advanced local firms since the local firms will have an edge over the foreign investors in local market share, skills, export contracts, cordial relationship with suppliers and the customer and so on. On the other hand, the foreign firms may be more advance in technological know-how, research and development, and the financial resources for their home economy.(Hericourt and Poncet ,2009) confirms that the development of cross-border relationships with foreign companies helps private firms to bypass both the financial and legal hindrance that they face at home. Types of FDI The types of FDI can be considered from dual angle: from the perspective of foreign investor country and from the perspective of host country. Since the study is focused on Canada, FDI will be examined in both ways. There are three types of FDI- vertical, horizontal and conglomerate- from the perspective of the source nation (investors). Vertical FDI: (Hill,1998) provides a clear illustration of vertical FDI by dividing into two: Forward vertical FDI and Backward vertical FDI. The former is applicable in a situation where a local firm invest into another industry abroad that sells the output product of the local firms production process, while the latter is used when the foreign sales of a firm provide inputs for the downstream operation of the local firms. Horizontal FDI: is applicable when the goods produced in the host country are the same as in the home country for horizontal expansion (Caves, 1971). (Hill,1998) defines it as firms invest in the same industry as the same operational activity in their homeland. Conglomerate FDI is the combination of horizontal and vertical FDI. That is, firm operating in separate business, (Luladhar 2008). FDI FROM THE ANGLE OF HOST ECONOMY Export-increasing FDI: is caused as a result of items produced in host country as an input for home country; such as raw material or intermediate goods. This type of FDI will enhance the exportation of the host nation if there is high demand for the raw material or intermediate goods from the home country. Import- substituting FDI: This type of FDI is applicable when the goods previously imported from the home country are now been produced from the host economy which will generate more employment .This is caused as a result of host government policy on trade barriers, market size, labour cost and so on. Government initiated FDI: This is when the policy makers provide some incentive that attracts foreign investors into the host economy. This incentive could be tax holiday, tax discount and so on. The Determinant of FDI (Motives) There are four motives that determine FDI. These determinants provide reason why firms should use FDI to tap in business globalization. These motives are acquired inputs (raw material orientation), market orientation, cost orientation, and strategic asset seeking motives orientation. Raw Material Orientation: According to Dunning (1993), availability of raw material is the bed rock of any firm, especially the manufacturing firms. Usually the cost of importing raw material from the source to where is needed is outrageous, even the duration cost of getting the raw material to host firm is another visible problem that affects the overall performance of production. Therefore, it is more economical for firms to produce in an environment that has easy access to raw material.s (Atik et al., 2008). Market Orientation: This is when firms produce goods in a host country instead of shipping it directly from the home country. This occurs when foreign market is protected by the government restriction goods importation or high importation duties. It will cost less to produce in the host economy market to avoid international restriction and unnecessary cost. Market orientation draws foreign supplier closer to the buyers in the host economy. (Atik et al., 2008). Cost- Orientation Motive: Cost minimization is one the firms strategy to optimize profit. Porter (1998, stated in Atik et al.2008, p 29) explains that among the generic strategies of a firm, cost leadership is the best strategy. In cost leadership strategy, a firm will prefer to become the lower cost producer in its industry. So firm prefer to site their location where they will enjoy the lower cost of factors of production. Good examples of this firm from developed nation prefer to locate their firms in less developed nation because of cheap labour and other cost of production. Asset Seeking FDI: Foreign firms prefer to have access to gain industrial asset in host country which will more profitable to have in there home country. The foreign firm will sustains or advance its international competitiveness, technological advancement, and opening up the new market though its asset accusation from the host nation (Atik et al., 2008). There fore, a firm that owes foreign asset is better positioned in global market competition compare to its counterpart. Theories of FDI Most literature reveals why investors prefer to produce abroad instead of staying in the home country. Dunning 2003 p.278) assert that the growth of existing foreign value activities in service might require a different set of explanations than to follow initial decision to invest abroad. There are some theories that explain FDI and MNEs in global business especially in goods sector. (Helldin ,2007) is of the opinion that FDI theory is fragmented and consists of various economic theories. There are no complete theories that explain FDI; it was just the bits by bits from numerous authors. Hymer was one of the first authors to explain the theory of FDI in 1960(mention in Na, Lv Ligthfoot, 2006). Hymer believes that the multinational national companies (MNCs) have the potential to expand the business due their oligopolistic nature. He said MNCs have firm specific advantages that create market power on global market due to their technical know-how, product differentiation, RD and so on. Dunnings Eclectic Paradigm (Professor John H. Dunnings 1977 OLI-framework also called Dunnings eclectic paradigm) Dunning 1977,Helldin 2007, p8), explains that the three factors that constitute to MNEs location in host country. These factors are Ownership Specific Advantage (O), Location-Specific Advantage (L) and Internalization Advantage (I). Ownership specific are business advantages such as capital, advance technology, well known brand names and product with dominant standard (p8). It further explained that the higher the level of business competitive advantage are compare to foreign competitors on a specific location the more the business will be involved in foreign production. Location will also be based on the countries competitive advantage, originated in the partners home countries (Helldin, 2007). Ekstrom (1998 stated in Helldin 2007) is of the opinion that the combination of O with L is why a specific location is chosen to make FDI. The third (internalization) advantage is meeting demands on global market by trading. (Dunning 1977, Helldin 2007, p8). Ownership Specific Advantage (O): MNEs enjoys business advantage in some area such as size, established position, and monopoly power. MNEs also have some specific advantage in some business area such as capital, advance technology, research and development, highly skilled human capital, trade marks, receipt of government grant and property right over intellectual property (Bennett, 1999). Location Hypothesis (L): This hypothesis explains the existence of FDI which is a result of international immobility of factors of production: labour, natural resources and weather. The immobility factors result to location-related differences in the cost of production. Horst (1972b, quote in Moosa, 2002, p.33) used this hypothesis to explain US FDI in Canada. Most MNEs prefer to locate their production facilities in an area where there is cheap labour. Lucas (1993) proves that there is inverse relationship between FDI and wages. He explained that a rise in wages in the host economy will increase the cost of production and have adverse effect on production and FDI. This will shift the host economy from labour incentive to capital incentive and will also encourage FDI Lucas (1993). The advantages of location specific (L) include low transport cost, low purchase input, economics of large scale, good communication, low labour cost, near to market advantage, availability of local business support ( market research firm) and the avoidance of trade restriction (artificial barriers) impose by host nation to reduced import (Bennett, 1999). Internalization Hypothesis Internalization hypothesis explains that FDI arises due to the impact of MNEs. MNEs is established to replace market (external) transaction with internal transaction. Coase (1973, says in Moosa, 2002) is of the opinion that market cost can be saved by forming a firm (p, 32). He gave an example of bottleneck encountered in purchasing oil product while compelling a firm to buy a refinery. These problems are caused by market failure and imperfection in intermediate goods, including technical know how, marketing and management enterprises (Moosa, 2002). MNEs invest in host countries in order to boycott expensive suppliers and distributors. Foreign government import restrictions will be avoided through local subsidy rather than exporting direct. Also the marketing aspect will be managed and controlled by the producing firm; there will be no intermediate sales or Value Added tax (Bennett, 1999). According to Dunning (2003), internalization incentive advantages are to protect or exploit mar ket failure (p.99). The Product Cycle Theory The theory was invented by Vernon in 1966. This theory explains the competitive advantage possessed by MNEs or potential MNEs originated in a country instead of another. The competitive advantage move from a stage of local production in home market, to exportation, and then to FDI (Dunning 2003). His theory was a based on U.S. directs investment in import substitution producing activities standards and economics structure. Also the ownership advantages of firms that produces or supplies a product had a little say about the advantages of common governance (Dunning, 2003). The theory is more useful in analysis of MNEs in FDI activities such as capital exportation, services activities, inward outward investment and so on. Core –Asset Theory Core Asset Theory was propounded by Hymer in 1976. Dunning said the theory explains the territorial expansion of a firm in terms of its exclusive or privileged possession of intangible assets, which it perceived could be utilized in a foreign country Dunning (2003, p.279). Several writers have to identify which O specific right were the most significant in determining the ability of MNEs to compete in foreign market. The theory examines the role of Foreign Service firms in market seeking sector, which is different from Product Cycle Theory focus on resources based industries or manufacturing sector. Also the theory was less concerned with where firms or MNES are located. According to Dunning (2003), the theory underestimates the important of the organizational mechanism by which the competitive advantage (Product Cycle Theory) is exploited (Dunning, 2003). The theory is limited to FDI or MNEs in technological advancement ,RD, position, product quality and so on, but it just examines the growth in foreign firms in global oriented and integrated service industries (Dunning ,2003). Strategy Related the Theories Knickerbocker, in 1973, was the first person to examine the strategy of MNEs. His analysis was that MNEs activities will be a function of high seller concentration. Dunning (2003) stated that Knickerbocker hypothesized that MNE activity would tend to be concentrated in industries characterized by high seller concentration, and that firms in those industries will engage in follow my leader tactics in the timing of their foreign investments, to protect or advanced their global competitive position (Dunning, 2003, p.280). Most studies on MNEs, the area of extraction, manufacturing and the likes was in support of this theory but the theory was less relevant in foreign firms activities in service industries because of its less oligopolistic nature (Dunning, 2003). However, these theory was fragile in MNEs with high level of diversification since one of the main aims of MNEs is expansion and diversify in area like service sector which may be outside their main activities which will create problem for the theory. The Risk Diversification Hypothesis The theoretical background of this hypothesis can be traced back to the theory of portfolio selection by Markowitz (1959) and Tobin (1958). The risk diversification hypothesis was propounded by Grubelin in 1968, but the idea was revisited and made known by Rugman in 1979. The hypothesis was that MNEs reduces the portfolio risk by diversification, which is investment in foreign assets that usually consist of service industries like banking, insurance, communication and so on. Most construction firm may want to make their working capital active by buying financial assets (Dunning, 2003). This kind of investment is not capital intensive. The Aliber Thesis Alibers (1970 1971, quoted in Dunning, 2003, p.280) seek to determine why firms pay their foreign assets in local currencies when they produce abroad. The theory explains that foreign firms take advantage of the home stronger currency to acquire ownership of assets in host economy due to their weak currency. Albert also argues that fluctuation in foreign exchange market that result to undervaluation or overvaluat